When two or more atoms chemically bond with each other, the resultant chemical structure is a molecule. The familiar water molecule, H 2 O, consists of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom; these bond together to form water, as illustrated in Figure 1. Atoms can form molecules by donating, accepting, or sharing electrons to fill their outer shells. Figure 1.
Two or more atoms may bond with each other to form a molecule. When two hydrogens and an oxygen share electrons via covalent bonds, a water molecule is formed.
Chemical reactions occur when two or more atoms bond together to form molecules or when bonded atoms are broken apart. The substances used in the beginning of a chemical reaction are called the reactants usually found on the left side of a chemical equation , and the substances found at the end of the reaction are known as the products usually found on the right side of a chemical equation.
An example of a simple chemical reaction is the breaking down of hydrogen peroxide molecules, each of which consists of two hydrogen atoms bonded to two oxygen atoms H 2 O 2. The reactant hydrogen peroxide is broken down into water, containing one oxygen atom bound to two hydrogen atoms H 2 O , and oxygen, which consists of two bonded oxygen atoms O 2.
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The reactants are used up in forming the product. Remember that in a chemical reaction, matter is neither created nor destroyed and atoms cannot change their identity e. Once you have balanced the reaction it can then be used to complete calculations necessary for experimental work.
In order to make these calculations we will need to introduce a couple of new concepts: Avagadro's Number and The Mole. Balancing Chemical Equations hervolj YouTube. Stephanie R. Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph. Chemistry Expert. Helmenstine holds a Ph. She has taught science courses at the high school, college, and graduate levels.
Facebook Facebook Twitter Twitter. Updated January 25, Cite this Article Format. Helmenstine, Anne Marie, Ph. Types of Chemical Reactions. Examples of Chemical Reactions in Everyday Life. Double Replacement Reaction Definition. Chemical Reaction Definition and Examples. Chemical Reaction vs.
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