There are many different types of copper IUDs available. The most commonly used one is called T safe and is suitable for women who have already had children. Other brands include Mini TT and Nova T, these are smaller versions which are more suitable for women who have not had children or have a smaller than average womb.
Once fitted in the uterus the IUD slowly releases copper which prevents sperm from surviving in the cervix. This means that the sperm is unable to travel up into the fallopian tubes and fertilised an egg. Rarely sperm can survive the presence of copper and reach the egg. If this happens, the happens, the presence of the IUD in the womb may also stop a fertilised egg from implanting in the womb. An IUD must be fitted by a trained nurse or doctor — who will give you an internal examination to find the position and size of your uterus before they put in an IUD.
You doctor will be able to discuss the risks and benefits of using the diaphragm or cap with you. It releases copper to stop you getting pregnant, and protects against pregnancy for between 5 and 10 years. It's sometimes called a "coil" or "copper coil". The copper alters the cervical mucus, which makes it more difficult for sperm to reach an egg and survive.
It can also stop a fertilised egg from being able to implant itself. If you're 40 or over when you have an IUD fitted, it can be left in until you reach the menopause or you no longer need contraception. An IUD can be fitted at any time during your menstrual cycle, as long as you're not pregnant. You'll be protected against pregnancy straight away.
Before your IUD is fitted, a GP or nurse will check inside your vagina to check the position and size of your womb. You may be tested for any existing infections, such as STIs, and be given antibiotics. The appointment takes about 20 to 30 minutes, and fitting the IUD should take no longer than 5 minutes:. Having an IUD fitted can be uncomfortable, and some people might find it painful, but you can have a local anaesthetic to help.
Discuss this with a GP or nurse beforehand. Let the person fitting your IUD know if you feel any pain or discomfort while you are having it fitted. You can ask to stop at any time. You may get period-type cramps afterwards, but painkillers can ease the cramps. You may also bleed for a few days after having an IUD fitted. Once your IUD has been fitted, you may be advised to get it checked by a GP after 3 to 6 weeks to make sure everything is fine. See a GP if you or your partner are at risk of getting an STI, as this can lead to an infection in the pelvis.
An IUD has 2 thin threads that hang down a little way from your womb into the top of your vagina. The GP or nurse that fits your IUD will teach you how to feel for these threads and check that it's still in place. Check your IUD is in place a few times in the first month and then after each period, or at regular intervals. It's very unlikely that your IUD will come out, but if you cannot feel the threads or think it's moved, you may not be protected against pregnancy.
See a GP or nurse straight away and use additional contraception, such as condoms, until your IUD has been checked. If you have had sex recently, you may need to use emergency contraception. Your partner should not be able to feel your IUD during sex. If they can, see a GP or nurse for a check-up. If you're not having another IUD put in and do not want to get pregnant, use additional contraception, such as condoms, for 7 days before you have it removed.
People who have had an ectopic pregnancy or who have an artificial heart valve must consult their GP or clinician before having an IUD fitted. An IUD can usually be fitted 4 weeks after giving birth vaginal or caesarean. You'll need to use alternative contraception from 3 weeks 21 days after the birth until the IUD is put in.
In some cases, an IUD can be fitted within 48 hours of giving birth. The good news is that you don't need to be scared to have your IUD removed. Even though it may be tempting, you should never try to remove your IUD by yourself. Expulsion occurs when your IUD falls out of the uterus. It may fall out partially or completely. It's not always clear why an IUD is expelled, but the risk of it happening is higher during your period. If you can't feel your IUD strings , your doctor will do a pelvic exam to see if the strings are still there.
If the ultrasound doesn't reveal your IUD placement, it's most probable cause is that it was expelled through the vagina, and you may not have noticed. There are several reasons you may experience pain during and after IUD insertion. Some women have pain when the speculum is inserted into the vagina. You may feel pain or cramping when your cervix is stabilized or when the IUD is inserted.
Most women describe the pain as mild to moderate. Pregnancy with an IUD typically has the same symptoms as a normal pregnancy , including breast tenderness, nausea, and fatigue. If you ' re experiencing those symptoms and have missed your period, call your doctor right away to find out if you ' re pregnant. Like the pill , the IUD is very effective at preventing pregnancy. On average, both the copper and hormonal IUD are 99 percent effective at preventing you from becoming pregnant.
An IUS can be fitted any time in your menstrual cycle, as long as you're not pregnant. If it's fitted in the first 7 days of your cycle, you'll be protected against pregnancy straight away. If it's fitted at any other time, use additional contraception, such as condoms, for 7 days afterwards.
If it's fitted in the first 7 days of your cycle, you'll be protected against pregnancy straight away. If it's fitted at any other time, use additional contraception, such as condoms, for 7 days afterwards. This risk is less than in women not using any contraception.
Copper IUD may cause more bleeding and cramping during periods. Mirena may initially cause irregular, light bleeding for more days than normal. Mirena may cause acne, headaches, breast tenderness, nausea, mood changes, loss of libido or weight gain.
The kinds of birth control that work the best to prevent pregnancy are the implant and IUDs — they're also the most convenient to use, and the most foolproof. Other birth control methods, like the pill, ring, patch, and shot, are also really good at preventing pregnancy if you use them perfectly. A difference is Mirena is effective for up to 5 years, while ParaGard is effective for up to 10 years.
Another difference is Mirena uses a form of the female hormone progesterone, while ParaGard is hormone free. Mirena is also used for the treatment of heavy menstrual bleeding in women. The copper coil , or IUD, is a form of long-acting reversible contraceptive which is not only the most effective form of emergency contraception but also keeps you protected against pregnancy for years after it's inserted.
However, if you think your Mirena may have slipped out, using emergency contraception is a good idea. It's effective up to five days after unprotected sex. You will usually have a coil consultation appointment, before you have an IUD fitted. You will have an internal examination to determine the size and position of your womb. This is to make sure that the IUD can be positioned in the correct place.
You may also be tested for any existing infections, such as STIs.
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